Case report
Simultaneous detection of 3 cancer foci with histological heterogeneity at 3 different anatomical sites: is it a consequence of the phenotypic plasticity of tumor cells?
- Department of Pathology, Phenikaa University, Vietnam, Nguyen Trac Street, Ha Dong District, Ha Noi City, Viet Nam
- Department of Pathology, Hanoi Medical University, Vietnam, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Dong Da District, Ha Noi City, Viet Nam
- Department of Pathology, Saint Paul Hospital, 12 Chu Van An Street, Ba Dinh District, Ha Noi City, Viet Nam
- Pathological and Cytopathological Center, Bach Mai Hospital, 78, Giai Phong Street, Dong Da District, Ha Noi City, Viet Nam
- Department of Pathology, Hospital of Hanoi Medical University, Viet Nam, 1, Ton That Tung Street, Dong Da District, Ha Noi City, Viet Nam
Correspondence to:
Nguyen Van Hung,
Department of Pathology, Phenikaa University, Vietnam, Nguyen Trac Street, Ha Dong District, Ha Noi City, Viet Nam; Department of Pathology, Hanoi Medical University, Vietnam, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Dong Da District, Ha Noi City, Viet Nam.
Email:
[email protected].
Published:
2022-11-30
Abstract
The simultaneous (synchronous) detection of 3 primary tumors is rare in clinical practice. Recognizing and differentiating metastatic malignancies have always been challenging for clinicians and pathologists; however, treatment outcomes and prognoses highly depend on this recognition. Here, we used immunostaining and a new approach that, to our knowledge, few people know about based on an understanding of exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs), phenotypic plasticity, and the tumor microenvironment to reach a final diagnosis of multiple primary neoplasms.
Keywords:
Multiple primary cancer
Histological heterogeneity
Primary and metastatic tumors
Primary sites of squamous cell carcinoma
Phenotypic plasticity
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