Estimates of global HIV/AIDS mortality, prevalence and incidence rates, and their association with the Human Development Index
- Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Modeling in Health Research Center , Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- School of Public Health, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
- Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
- Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
Abstract
Background: HIV/AIDS is one of greatest global public health concerns today due to the high incidence, prevalence and mortality rates. The aim of this research was investigate and estimate the global HIV/AIDS mortality, prevalence and incidence rates, and explore their associations with the Human Development Index.
Methods: The global age-standardized rates of mortality, prevalence and incidence of HIV/AIDS were obtained from the UNAIDS for different countries in 2015. The human development indexes (HDIs) were obtained from the World Bank database. The surveyed countries were divided into four groups according to the HDI distribution. The Spearman correlation coefficient and one-way ANOVA test were used for assessing the association of HIV/ AIDS indicators and HDI.
Results: The highest rates of HIV/AIDS prevalence and incidence, and associated mortality in East and Southern Africa countries were 51.73%, 46.33% and 42.3%, respectively. Moreover, the highest and lowest global age-standardized rates of incidence and prevalence of HIV/AIDS was seen in adults ranging from 15-49 years of age for both low and high HDI countries. The prevalence and incidence rates of HIV/AIDS each had an inverse correlation with HDI and its four indicators (life expectancy at birth, mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling, and GNI per capita).
Conclusion: Less developed countries with lower HDI show greater severity of the AIDS epidemic. Thus, it is essential to pay more attention to HIV/AIDS control and prevention programs in these countries.